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Inner Mongolia breeds hybrid pigment marigold (Figure)
In a quiet rural area near Karasu Qiqi in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, a farmer named Liu Zhenting has made history by cultivating the first domestically bred hybrid marigold. This unique variety produces an impressive 10,000 kilograms of flowers per mu, marking a significant breakthrough in horticultural science. On July 11, a reporter visited Liu’s home to witness his latest innovation — a high-yield pigment marigold that could revolutionize the natural lutein industry.
Liu, the chairman of Chifeng National People's Horticultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., has spent years experimenting with crossbreeding techniques. In his backyard, which spans over one mu of land, he has planted dozens of hybrid marigold varieties. These plants range from nearly one meter tall to short, knee-high bushes, with flowers in shades of light yellow, golden, and orange. The blossoms are densely clustered on the branches, making them ideal for pigment extraction.
Pigment marigolds are a key source of natural lutein, a powerful antioxidant used in feed, food, pharmaceuticals, and industrial dyes. Currently, only a few plants like kale, calendula, and traditional marigold contain active lutein. Liu’s hybrid version not only improves pigment content but also enhances yield and disease resistance.
The process involves fermentation, pressing, and drying to produce marigold granules or solvent-extracted essential oils. Most of China’s production is exported, as domestic use remains limited. During the visit, Liu demonstrated the size of his flowers, which weighed over 50 grams each and had a diameter of more than 13 centimeters. He estimated yields at 1,500 to 1,600 strains per mu, with each plant producing over 120 flowers. At an average of 25 grams per flower, this translates to about 9,000 jin (4,500 kg) per hectare, with potential to exceed 10,000 jin under optimal conditions.
Liu, who started as a local agricultural technician, has since become a national figure in horticulture. He pioneered two seed production techniques, earned recognition as a regional model worker, and was even honored as a national scientific model. He also holds a position in the International Holographic Society.
He recently introduced a new hybrid marigold using male sterility technology. After six generations of breeding, the plant shows strong traits: a honeycomb-shaped flower with an 8:2 petal-to-torus ratio, pigment content between 19% and 22%, far exceeding the 16% of conventional varieties. These hybrids are more resistant, bloom longer, and offer higher yields and quality due to heterosis.
Currently, marigold granules with 17% pigment content sell for around 8,500 yuan per ton. For every 1,000-point increase in pigment content, the price rises by 500 yuan. If Liu’s hybrid reaches 20%, it could fetch 10,000 yuan per ton — a huge opportunity for farmers.
China is now one of the world’s top producers of pigmented marigolds, with planting areas surpassing 200,000 mu, accounting for a third of global production. Danish flower expert Dr. Nick Lai, after visiting Liu’s company, said the market for hybrid pigment marigold seeds is enormous. As living standards rise, chemical pigments will face stricter regulations, making natural alternatives like Liu’s hybrid increasingly valuable.
Last year, Liu supplied conventional marigold seeds to a 15,000-mu project in Daqing. Next year, the planting area there will expand to 100,000 mu, and Liu plans to introduce his new hybrid varieties. “You can’t be satisfied with just one breed,†he told the reporter. “We need to focus on tissue culture to provide millions of hybrid seedlings.â€
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